Friday, November 8, 2013

Capstone

CAPSTONE | UNIVERSAL design | accessible lavatory

Tutor comment:-
The tutors have warned that this proposal will not be glamorous for my portfolio. And they told me don't narrow so specifically just yet onto the redesign of the toilet.

What I understood from the tutors, I think at initial stage of my capstone, I should look at an issue from a broad perspective and do more research to discover an opportunity for design.

So I will change my capstone proposal later, and rethink on what other issues there maybe, or other areas that could need redesigning, such as the bathroom.


Introduction
The issue I want to address is the problem with accessibility to toilet by disable people and mobility restricted people.

The problem is significant as there are 4-million people who have long term disability in Australia, and this number grows as the Australian population ages. 50 per cent of 4-million are people aged over 55.

The current 4-million people are potential customer, client and employee. Therefore there is an opportunity to design to cater the service and need for the people who are disabled.

There are many business and public spaces that have restrooms that are inaccessible to a disable person. By Australia legal legislation, new buildings must have equitable access to services by disability. Otherwise, if a service is inaccessible, then under the Disability Discrimination Act, legal complaint can be forwarded by the disable person.

The proposal of a universal toilet hopes to benefit the people who are affected by disability, e.g. wheelchair user. Since the proposal adopts the principle of universal design, the product should be accessible by all users, including young children.  


The idea is a product that can be safe, comfortable, generate positive experience and positive emotion, that can be achieved for all types of users.


Approach
I have the interest in the subject of Universal design and Ergonomics and I look forward to generating ideas that could universally benefit all kind of users.

For this product – water closet, I want to remove the barrier of discrimination, so as to create an equal positive experience for all users.

To help me understand the problem I will interview with a person who is having difficulties in using the rest room in a home, workplace, business establishment and public areas – hospital, school, and college. Also to identify their coping strategies to their difficulties. Perform an empathy test – e.g. using wheelchair in rest room. Explore the types of disability user – e.g. vision impaired, and injury.

Literature sources that I can read to begin my study on ergonomics and anthropometric. As well as complying with the Australian standard and guideline to assist my approach to the proposal.







Wednesday, October 30, 2013

Model_resubmit_Project #2

The re submission of the appearance model of PSS project. 
Straight from the 3D-Printer, ABS opaque material - 2.0 mm thickness.
Scale 1 : 5 of the actual size [actual height = 500mm] [model height = 100mm]

The concept product comprise of five parts - (1)outer and (2)inner container, the (3)the seating, the (4) hinge lid, and the (5) urinal basin-cap.

The concept is designed for Kibera resident in Kenya, an African slum with very poor sanitation management, due affordability issue. Therefore the proposed design which is devoid of technology, and design sophistication - the concept is simple assemblage of two containers that match together, and highly intuitive use of the toilet. The other reason for such design, is so that the container can be separated with ease and the product is collected for disposal by a service system [product-service-system].

The concept is an adjustable seat height to accommodate both adult and child user.
The adjusting method is operated by just manually rotating the inner container and let it slide downwards into the outer container - by holding onto the seating, which is screw-threaded to the inner container (like a cap and a bottle), and then the matching ribs will allow the smooth interlocking. So the adjust height for child is simply rotate and push down, and for the adult seat height - simply pull up and rotate slightly, so that the matching ribs are away from each other.

Some concern of this concept is the handling and touch contact between the hands and the product, and the saftey of the push (dop) of the container. 

Preferred adult seat of a toilet height is 470mm and a average child at the age of five has a knee length of 300 mm, therefore, the concept product has a transition mode between the two different seat heights.

These data was founded in literature source written by the Ergonomists : Pheasant, S & Haslegrave C. (2006) Body Space - Anthropometry, Ergonomics and the Design of Work 3rd Edition, p.266, Taylor & Francis Group Publication.  





Monday, October 21, 2013

Peer comment_project#2

Lubar H:- http://lubar-han.blogspot.com.au/2013/10/final-pss.html?showComment=1382351130273#c3385471109092300647

Angela P:- http://pings19.blogspot.com.au/2013/10/final.html?showComment=1382351649286#c8725074625411951457

Felicia L: - http://feliciaides1122.blogspot.com.au/2013/10/pss-voice-translator-travel-gadget.html?showComment=1382352655539#c8688075255728484059


Project #2 : PSS_ReInvent the Toilet

'The Big Idea" Proposal

Imagine the only cost for Kibera residents is to purchase an affordable toilet that will collect their body waste and turn the body effluent to use-able nutrition for planting. And what if a Kibera family can use the nutrient to grow antiseptic-organic herbs, which can be used for fighting unfriendly bacteria and make them into handwash. In addition, a business service that charges at no cost will collect the used toilet and the sanitised-waste. The business model involves selling the humanure to a local farmer or horticulturalist, and using the gained profit to purchase plant seeds, and cover the costs for transport, wage, and sanitizing treatment of the used-toilet. The treated toilet will be ready for purchase again for another Kibera family. To encourage or reward purchase intention, an incentive is offered by the business to gift the family with plant seeds to grow herbs and food in their garden.


The project’s “Big Idea” was to create a sustainable consumption of the product, by a method of re-using the product with a supporting sustainable economy to service the product and the consumer. The product and service system is a profitable business model for any entrepreneur. The PSS hopes to benefit the residents of the Kibera slum by supplying affordable toilet and provide a servicing system to improve sanitation at homes and the living conditions of the slum. The design of the product is an adjustable seat height that will increase the product accessibility to small children, with a simple rotating, sliding and matching slots.

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Monday, October 14, 2013

Project #2 : research path | Topic : sanitation problem

SSWM - on urine storage & existing solutions |
<http://www.sswm.info/category/implementation-tools/wastewater-treatment/hardware/processes/urine-storage>

Arghyam - on India's toilet census data | <http://toilettrail.wordpress.com/>

Green Project - on Haiti's experience with 'Peepoo' bag | <http://www.greenprophet.com/2010/08/flying-toilet-gaza/>

Washlink - nice graphics displaying key theme information on global sanitation problem |<http://washlink.wordpress.com/category/toilet/ecosan/>

WSP - on Kenya's current sanitation issue | <http://www.wsp.org/sites/wsp.org/files/publications/WSP-ESI-Kenya-brochure.pdf>

IRIN - online article on Kenya's slum and human waste | <http://www.irinnews.org/report/97130/>

The Kibera Law Centre - Fast facts on Kibera slum toilet problem | <http://kiberalawcentre.org/facts/>

SuSanA Forum - online discussion on 'Peepoo' bag in Kenya | <http://forum.susana.org/forum/categories?func=view&catid=52&id=144&limit=1000>

IDEO Clean Team - Home page to IDEO's sanitation project in Ghana | <https://www.ideo.org/projects/clean-team/completed>

Farm Biz Africa - online information on bamboo plant | <http://farmbizafrica.com/index.php/hopemenu4/25-global-niche/8-bamboo-offers-green-gold-for-kenyan-farmers>

Information on antiseptic herbs | <http://www.iamnatural.com.au/antiseptic-herbs/>

Project #2 : Mid-progression_Presentation_10_slides











Research through online articles, scholar studies, and online videos has led me to think the controlling issue of the poor sanitation in Kibera slum, of Kenya, is the money problem - Kibera residents are extremely poor, low employment opportunity and low wage earning (something like 1-2 US dollar per day). The hard earned cash is spent on priority essential needs, first is Rent (land/home is not privately owned), second Clean water (are expensive due to low supply & high demand), third is food (even this basic need is difficult to obtain) - therefore what money is left (if there is any), is not enough for medical treatment and sanitation service. Therefore, the local resort to open defecation and perform the 'flying toilet', and parents are unable to afford the available medicals to treat their ill-child. That is why child mortality is high in Kenya, because the family don't have the money.

The issue is significant that design thinking is necessary to develop product-service-system and create solution that can allow affordability and a sustainable process to collect and dispose human waste, for the Kibera residents.

Tutor comment:-
Tutor - The product need consideration of material choice, texture, and a refine form to speak of its multi-purpose in storage, composting, fertilising, and planting. There needs a more close interaction between the product and the service system, e.g. a collection action. The container should considered to be stackable for sustainable transportation of the supply. Imagine how proposed NGO's can have closer relationship with the end-users, e.g. supply of seedlings, plants, information, education, and aid.

Reflection:- 
There is a need to bring closer relationship between the product and service, with more refinement in the product especially texture, colour, and material. Poster system diagram can be improved and look at other student's work as examples.

Project #2 : Process journal, rough sketch, rough ideas_PSS_re-invent_the_toilet
















Tuesday, September 17, 2013

Ulm stool - Interpretation Design












 Final finish - Tung oil coating, and surface buff with Beewax






MY DESIGN APPROACH
From the design philosophy of Ulmer Stool, of pure functional aesthetic, and multipurpose usability ;
The Loop Table and Donald Judd’s table,
of honest use of material, right-angle geometry, joining technique, support mechanism, and form;
has inspired my design approach to my stool,
using pine as my material choice, and enjoying it’s natural colour and grain appearance as the aesthetics.
The box-joint techique is used to join the seating and side,
whist the standing frames, and storage support is fastened by the groove-and-shoulder joins.
My stool design has a multipurpose function, as there are two modes of seating,
storage for house items (e.g. books), and could also be a side-table, and also it could become a modular piece.
From one piece of 1800mm by 285mm pine,
the material was more than enough to generate my stool design, of 360mm x 285mm x 437mm.
Hand craft skills were developed and learnt in the lessons and workshop
- using the bandsaw and chisel to generate box joints;
- hand-router-machine to cut grooves;
- bandsaw to form the shoulders